{"id":10878,"date":"2018-02-28T09:24:11","date_gmt":"2018-02-28T14:24:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/?p=10878"},"modified":"2018-02-28T09:24:11","modified_gmt":"2018-02-28T14:24:11","slug":"more-cops-in-schools-wont-keep-kids-safe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/more-cops-in-schools-wont-keep-kids-safe\/","title":{"rendered":"More Cops In Schools Won&#8217;t Keep Kids Safe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">After last week\u2019s devastating school shooting in Parkland, Florida, students across America are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/news\/news-desk\/how-the-survivors-of-parkland-began-the-never-again-movement\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">demanding an assault weapons ban<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, comprehensive background checks, and a promise that young people can be safe in our nation\u2019s classrooms. Students <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mashable.com\/2018\/02\/19\/parkland-students-gun-control-debate-google-trends\/#3Lc5lngewkqE\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">won\u2019t back down<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and Congress is finally feeling the pressure to act.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The President, the NRA, and conservative media personalities, like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/FoxNews\/status\/963971842372456448\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sean Hannity and Geraldo Rivera<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, have responded by calling for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/?utm_term=.04439728f6ab\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">armed teachers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, gun-toting retired soldiers, or more cops in schools. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here\u2019s the problem: more cops in schools won\u2019t keep students safe. Instead, they mean more students \u2014 especially students of color \u2014\u00a0will be handcuffed, beaten, tased, and pushed out of school and into the prison system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to data issued by the U.S. Education Department, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/about\/offices\/list\/ocr\/docs\/2013-14-first-look.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">nearly 42 percent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of high schools already have a school resource officer (SRO): a law enforcement agent deployed to work in their schools.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-twitter\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">After Columbine over 10,000 school police officers were hired just in case a school shooting happened. Two decades later, they haven&#39;t stopped a *single* school shooting. Instead they&#39;ve arrested over 1 million kids, mostly students of color, for routine behavior violations. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/DKoJE9LL3e\">https:\/\/t.co\/DKoJE9LL3e<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Samuel Sinyangwe (@samswey) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/samswey\/status\/966902961984061440?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 23, 2018<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When we put cops in school, we push students into the criminal legal system. Police in schools frequently arrest students for nothing more than normal childhood misbehavior. In the 2011-2012 school year, they <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/2015\/2\/24\/8101289\/school-discipline-race\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">arrested 92,000 students<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> on school grounds, overwhelmingly for low-level civil violations and misdemeanors or vaguely defined offenses like \u201cobstructing governmental administration.\u201d Here are a few examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A 14-year-old in Massachusetts was arrested after bouncing a basketball in a school hallway and slamming a classroom door shut. He was handcuffed, taken to the police station, and charged with \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/sites\/default\/files\/field_document\/maarrest_reportweb.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">disturbing a lawful assembly<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A middle-schooler in Virginia was charged with criminal assault and battery \u201cfor <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/report\/bullies-blue-origins-and-consequences-school-policing\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">throwing a baby carrot<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> at her teacher.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kids <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/report\/bullies-blue-origins-and-consequences-school-policing\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">as young as five<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> are charged with \u201ccrimes\u201d for throwing a paper airplane, kicking a trash can, and wearing sagging pants.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Unsurprisingly, students of color are far more likely to bear the consequences. According to the Department of Education, black students make up just 16 percent of total student enrollment \u2014\u00a0but 27 percent of students referred to law enforcement and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ocrdata.ed.gov\/Downloads\/CRDC-School-Discipline-Snapshot.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">31 percent of students<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u201cinvolved in a school-related arrest\u201d are black. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/tavissmiley\/tsr\/education-under-arrest\/school-to-prison-pipeline-fact-sheet\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">70 percent of students<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> involved in in-school arrests or referred to law enforcement are black or Latino. Students with a disability are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/kids-cuffs-why-handcuff-8-year-old-student-disability-n722451\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">three times as likely<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to be arrested at school than students without a disability. A <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ocrdata.ed.gov\/Downloads\/CRDC-School-Discipline-Snapshot.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">staggering 75 percent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of the students \u201cphysically restrained at school,\u201d including by handcuffs are disabled. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All of this amounts to a massive civil rights issue: the systemic school pushout of students of color and disabled students. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because of the massive racial gap in student discipline, students of color are disproportionately likely to be arrested in school, which means they lose out on class time, which in turn means they may fall behind in school. This contributes to an enduring education gap: black and Latino students are twice as likely <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/tavissmiley\/tsr\/education-under-arrest\/school-to-prison-pipeline-fact-sheet\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">not to graduate<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> high school as white students, and students who are harshly disciplined are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/new-data-shows-the-school-to-prison-pipeline-starts-as-early-as-preschool-80fc1c3e85be\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">more likely to be incarcerated<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Students arrested at school may be slapped with an criminal record that follows them around for life, making it harder for them to find a job or pursue higher education.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In other words, cops in schools aren\u2019t safeguarding kids \u2014\u00a0they\u2019re arresting students of color and denying them the opportunity to learn. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What\u2019s worse, police brutality in schools is on the rise. Last year, a Texas school district garnered national criticism after a viral video showed a Dallas SRO <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nydailynews.com\/news\/national\/school-officer-recorded-body-slamming-12-year-old-girl-dallas-article-1.3170108\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">body-slamming a 12-year-old<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> girl in school. She\u2019s not alone. The Advancement Project, a civil rights organization, has found <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/sites\/default\/files\/field_document\/maarrest_reportweb.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">evidence of many incidents<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in which students, especially black students, were stomped on, beaten with batons, thrown into lockers, and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/data.huffingtonpost.com\/2016\/school-police\/tasers\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tasered<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by SROs. That\u2019s not keeping students safe \u2014\u00a0it\u2019s subjecting them to state-sanctioned violence. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Expanding the police presence in schools could lead to another kind of school shooting. The Black Lives Matter movement has shone a spotlight on police officers who, armed with deadly weapons but little implicit bias training, have killed unarmed black men and boys. What happens when the next <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/newly-released-interview-footage-reveal-shifting-stories-officers-who-shot-n751401\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tamir Rice<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> brings a toy gun to school? Or, for that matter, to the next <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bostonglobe.com\/opinion\/2017\/06\/20\/why-won-nra-speak-out-about-philando-castile\/6P6pIx7bHRQ0ZlwFJ7x4VJ\/story.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Philando Castile,<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> a black school employee who was killed for carrying a legal gun with a concealed carry permit?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On top of all of this, there is little evidence that cops in schools will even keep students safe. There were armed guards at <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2012\/12\/21\/columbine-armed-guards_n_2347096.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Columbine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2012\/dec\/21\/nra-armed-guards-schools\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Virginia Tech<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, but they did not deter the shootings. In fact, in researching this piece, I couldn\u2019t find a <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">single <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">instance in which an SRO stopped a school mass shooter. Tragically, Parkland drives this point home \u2014\u00a0the local police deputy assigned to Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School waited outside, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/policy-and-politics\/2018\/2\/24\/17048720\/florida-shooting-law-enforcement-gun\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">protecting himself instead of the kids<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Recent reports reveal that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/policy-and-politics\/2018\/2\/24\/17048720\/florida-shooting-law-enforcement-gun\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">multiple police officers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> did the same. Those cops didn\u2019t stop the Parkland shootings, and there is no evidence they will stop the next one.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Putting more police in schools is not going to solve school shootings. Instead, it would mean more policing of disabled kids and arresting black students for normal childhood behavior. And, perhaps worst of all, it\u2019s an insult to the Parkland students, who are calling for fewer guns in school, not more. It\u2019s time for Congress to listen and finally prioritize people\u2019s lives over gun manufacturers\u2019 bottom line.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>After last week\u2019s devastating school shooting in Parkland, Florida, students across America are demanding an assault weapons ban, comprehensive background 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