{"id":112,"date":"2010-02-25T08:17:54","date_gmt":"2010-02-25T13:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/?p=112"},"modified":"2016-10-01T13:10:11","modified_gmt":"2016-10-01T17:10:11","slug":"making-employment-civil-rights-real-by-stephen-churchill","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/making-employment-civil-rights-real-by-stephen-churchill\/","title":{"rendered":"Article: Making Employment Civil Rights Real \u2013 by Stephen Churchill"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>When Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 passed, it was  heralded as a long-overdue measure to eradicate discrimination. The law  has had a profound effect on the workplace, both by helping to establish  a public ethic against discrimination and by providing a mechanism by  which victims of discrimination can seek redress. Both of these means,  however, have run into barriers limiting their effectiveness.<\/p>\n<p>The public ethic against discrimination finds its barrier at the edge  of consciousness. Almost everyone in the workplace understands that  discrimination is prohibited, and this understanding reduces acts of  open hostility or conscious discrimination. Far fewer people in the  workplace understand how underlying stereotypes can operate at an  unconscious level to affect workplace decisions. This form of  discrimination, while less well understood, is also prohibited. As a  result, discrimination continues to occur, even in an environment where  it is condemned and even by people who share in its condemnation.<\/p>\n<p>The enforcement mechanism has found its barrier in a legal  environment where typical dispute resolution options are unattainable  for most victims of discrimination. For most workers, it is  prohibitively burdensome to obtain legal assistance or to take effective  action.<\/p>\n<p>Although it is necessary to address both of these barriers \u2014 the  complex nature of discrimination and problems with the enforcement  mechanism \u2014 this article focuses on the latter, ending with a discussion  of possible solutions.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2010\/02\/Churchill-FINAL.pdf\">Click For PDF Version<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 passed, it was heralded as a long-overdue measure to eradicate 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