{"id":2231,"date":"2011-04-12T18:37:17","date_gmt":"2011-04-12T22:37:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/?p=2231"},"modified":"2016-11-17T00:25:51","modified_gmt":"2016-11-17T05:25:51","slug":"justice-kagans-first-dissent-challenges-an-arcane-view-of-the-establishment-clause","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/justice-kagans-first-dissent-challenges-an-arcane-view-of-the-establishment-clause\/","title":{"rendered":"Justice Kagan&#039;s First Dissent Challenges An Arcane View Of The Establishment Clause"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Stanley Fish of the NY Times has <a title=\"A Dollar Is A Dollar: Elena Kagan's Style\" href=\"http:\/\/opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com\/2011\/04\/11\/a-dollar-is-a-dollar-elena-kagans-style\/\">glowing words<\/a> for Justice Kagan on the\u00a0occasion\u00a0of her first dissent since joining the Court. In her dissent to the opinion in\u00a0<em>Arizona Christian School Tuition\u00a0Organization\u00a0v. Winn<\/em>, Kagan pokes\u00a0holes in the majority&#8217;s argument, filling the void with a &#8220;landscape&#8221; of revealing examples.<\/p>\n<p>The case deals with an Establishment Clause challenge to the use of public funds to support religious schools. The majority rests its holding that the plaintiffs lack Article III standing to sue on &#8220;the distinction between governmental expenditures and tax credits.&#8221; Since a tax credit for private spending on religious schools is not equivalent to direct government spending, the Court holds that the plaintiffs do not meet the test for taxpayer standing set forth in <em>Flast v. Cohen<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Gibing at the majority for making this distinction &#8220;in search of a difference,&#8221; Kagan writes:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Suppose a State desires to reward Jews&#8211;by, say, $500 per year&#8211;for their religious devotion. Should the nature of taxpayers&#8217; concern vary if the State allows Jews to claim the aid on their tax returns, in lieu of receiving an annual stipend? Or assume a State wishes to subsidize the ownership of crucifixes. It could purchase the religious symbols in bulk and distribute them to all takers. Or it could mail a reimbursement check to any individual who buys her own and submits a receipt for the purchase. Or it could authorize that person to claim a tax credit equal to the price she paid. Now, really&#8211;do taxpayers have less reason to complain if the State selects the last of these three options? The Court today says they do, but that is wrong.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2011\/04\/elena-kagan.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2235\" title=\"elena-kagan\" src=\"https:\/\/journals.law.harvard.edu\/crcl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/80\/2011\/04\/elena-kagan-204x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"204\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stanley Fish of the NY Times has glowing words for Justice Kagan on the\u00a0occasion\u00a0of her first dissent since joining the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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